When was the last time you walked through an automatic door? Did you know you were interacting with a robot when you did? Why do you think engineers designed automatic doors? Where are they most useful? What are the drawbacks of automatic doors?
You might be wondering how automatic doors work. Most use devices that sense your presence by either bouncing some wave off you or by passively detecting waves that you emit or reflect. The wave-bouncing detectors emit high frequency (ultrasonic) sound waves or radio waves and then look for reflections. If they detect changes in the intensity or frequency pattern of the reflected waves, they know that something has moved nearby and open the door. The passive detectors look for changes in the infrared or visible light patterns reaching a detector and open the door when they detect such changes.
From: http://howthingswork.virginia.edu/search.php?searchs=automatic+doors&Go.x=0&Go.y=0&searchq=yes&searcha=yes
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